UDC 537.874; 537.624
INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE
PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE-CONTAINING SHUNGITE BY THE DATA OF X-RAY SPECTRUM
ANALYSIS
I.
V. Antonets 1, E. A. Golubev 2, V. G.
Shavrov 3, V. I. Shcheglov 3
1 Syktyvkar State University of Sorokin,
Oktyabrskiy prosp. 55, Syktyvkar 167001, Russia
2 Geology Institute Komy SC UrD RAS,
Pervomaiskaya 54, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia
3 Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and
Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow 125009, Russia
The paper is received on March
26, 2019
Abstract. The possibility of
structure properties investigation of graphene-contained shungite by using the
element-cards which is founded by x-ray-spectrum analysis is investigated. For
the founding of data about carbon space distribution it is proposed to use the
blacking profile of card received along one straight line. It is found the
profiles of carbon and quarts distribution where quarts is combination of
silicon and oxygen. It is established the mutual addition of carbon and quarts
profiles which has independence from frequency. It is executed the harmonic
analysis of carbon distribution along the coordinate which length is equal to
30 micrometers. On the basis of obtained spectrum it is found two character
dimensions of carbon and quarts regional congestions by both ingredients are
equal to 9,2 micrometers and 2,1-2,7 micrometers. For more precise
determination of regions it is proposed to use the relative values of
amplitudes by all harmonics each separately. It is established that the distribution
of regions by dimensions has probable character. It is found the sum probabilities
of carbon and quarts. It is shown that the main role in carbon and quarts
distribution plays the harmonics which correspond to region dimension equal to
15,0, 7,5 and 5,0 micrometers. For the interpretation of obtained results it is
proposed the model of periodical space structure of shungite which is opposite
to earlier proposed model «sand with liquid». It is made the analysis of
spatial distribution of carbon and quarts in unique elementary cell of proposed
structure. It is shown that by volume distribution the carbon forms 17,6% from
complete of investigated sample volume. This value is in good correspondence
with specific concentration of carbon which is founded by coulomb-metric
titration method which is equal to 17%. On the basis of obtained results it is
proposed the recommendations fore more successful of harmonic analysis method
of x-ray spectroscopy cards to the task of spatial structure of shungite investigation.
Key words: carbon, shungite, electrical
conductivity.
References
1. Lutsev
L.V., Nikolaichuk G.A., Petrov V.V., Yakovlev S.V. Mnogotselevye radiopogloshchayushcsie
materiali na osnove magnitnih nanostruktur: poluchenie, svoystva, primenenie.
[Multipurpose radio-absorbing materials on the basis of magnetic nanostructure:
obtaining, properties, application]. Nano-tehnika – Nano-engineering.
2008. No.10. P.37 (In Russian).
2. Kazantseva
N.E., Ryvkina N.G., Chmutin I.A. Promising materials for microwave absorbers. Journal
of Communications Technology and Electronics. 2003. Vol.48. No.2. P.173.
3. Ostrovsky
O.S., Odarenko E.N., Shmatko A.A. Protective screens and absorbers of
electromagnetic waves. Fizicheskaya injeneriya poverhnosti - Physical
engineering of surface. 2003. Vol.1. No.2. P.161 (In Russian).
4. Antonov
A.S., Panina L.V., Sarichev A.K. High-frequency magnetic permeability of
composite materials containing the carbon-iron. Technical Physics. The Russian
Journal of Applied Physics. 1989. Vol.59. No.6. P.88 (In Russian).
5. Vinogradov
A. Elektrodinamika kompozitsionnykh materialov [Electrodynamics of
composite material]. Moscow, URSS Publ., 2001 (In Russian).
6. Vendik
I.B., Vendik O.G. Meta-materials ant its application in microwave engineering. Technical
Physics. The Russian Journal of Applied Physics. 2013. Vol.83. No.1. P.3
(In Russian).
7. Smith D.R.,
Padilla W.J., Vier D.C., Nemat-Nasser S.C., Schultz S. Composite medium with
simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity. Phys. Rev. Lett.
2000. Vol.84. No.18. P.4184.
8. Pendry J.B.
Negative refraction makes a perfect lens. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2000. Vol.85.
No.18. P.3966.
9. Moshnikov
I.A., Kovalevsky V.V., Lazareva T.N., Petrov A.V. The shungite rocks employment
in creation of radio-screening composite materials. Materials of conference «Geodynamics,
magmatizm, sedimentogenes and minerageniya of north-west of Russia».
Petrozavodsk, Geological institute of KarSC of Russian Academy of Sciences.
2007. P.272. (In Russian).
10. Linkov
L.M., Makhmud M.Sh., Kryshtopova E.A. The electromagnetic radiation screens on the
basis of powder-like shungite. Bulletin of Polotsk State university. Series
C. Fundamental sciences. Novopolotsk, Polotsk State University. 2012. No.4.
P.103 (In Russian).
11. Linkov
L.M., Borbotko T.V., Kryshtopova E.A. The radio-absorption properties of
nickel-containing powdery shungite. Technical Physics Letters. 2009. Vol.35.
No.9. P.44 (In Russian).
12. Borisov
P.A. Karelskie shungite. [Karelian shungites]. Petrozavodsk, Karelia
Publ., 1956 (In Russian).
13. Philippov
M.M. Shungiteonosnie porodi onezhskoi structury. [Shungite-containing
rocks of Onega structure]. Petrozavodsk, Karelian Scentific Center of Russian
Academy of Sciences. 2002. (In Russian).
14. Sokolov
V.A., Kalinin Yu.K., Gukkiev E.F. Shungiti – novoe uglerodistoe syrye
[Shungites – new carbon raw material]. Petrozavodsk, Karelia Publ., 1984. 176
p. (In Russian).
15. Philippov
M.M., Medvedev P.P., Romashkin A.E. O prirode shungitov Yuzhnoy Karelii.
[About the nature of South Karelia shungites]. Litologia i poleznie iskopaemie
– Lithology and useful minerals. 1998. No.3. P.323. (In Russian).
16. Melezhik
V.A., Filippov M.M., Romashkin A.E. A giant paleoproterozoic deposit of
shungite in NW Russia. Ore Geology Reviews. 2004. Vol.24. P.135.
17. Kovalevsky
V.V. Struktura uglerodnogo veschestva i genesis shungitovykh porod. Structure
of carbon substance and genetics of shungite rocks. Doctors thesis.
Petrozavodck. 2007. (In Russian)
18. Kovalevsky
V.V. Structure of shungite carbon. Journal of inorganic chemistry. 1994.
No.39. P.28.
19. Sheka
E.F., Golubev E.A. Technical graphene (reduced graphene oxide) and its natural
analog (shungite). Technical Physics. The Russian Journal of Applied Physics.
2016. Vol.61. No.7. P.1032.
20. Golubev
E.A., Ulyashev V.V., Veligshanin A.A. Porosity and structure parameters of
Karelian shungite by data of small-angle dispersion of synchrotron radiation
and microscopy. Kristallografia – Crystallography. 2016. Vol.61. No.1.
P.74 (In Russian).
21. Golubev
E.A., Antonets I.V., Shcheglov V.I. Model’nye predstavleniya mikrostruktury,
elektroprovodyaschikh i SVCh svoyistv shungita [Model presentation of microstructure,
electro-conductivity and microwave properties of shungites]. Syktyvkar. Syktyvkar
State University Publ. 2017 (In Russian)
22. Rodionov
V.V. Mehanizmi vzaimodeystviya SVCh izluchenia s nanostrukturirovannimi
uglerodsodershashchimi materialami. [The mechanisms of interaction of
VHF-radiation with nanostructused carbon-contained materials]. PhD thesis. Kursk. 2014. (In Russian).
23. Golovanov
O.A., Makeeva G.S., Rinkevich A.B. Interaction of terahertz electromagnetic
waves with periodic gratings of graphene micro- and nanoribbons. Technical
Physics. The Russian Journal of Applied Physics. 2016. Vol.61. No.2. P.274.
24. Makeeva
G.S., Golovanov O.A. Mathematical simulation of electron-guided designs of
thera-cycle frequency range on the basis of graphene and carbon nano-tubes. Penza. Penza State Universuty Publ., 2018 (In Russian)
25. Antonets I.V.,
Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Investigation of conductivity of
graphen-containing shungite by wave-guide method. Book of papers of
International Symposium «Perspective materials and technologies». Vitebsk. Belarus. 2017. P.6. (In Russian)
26. Antonets
I.V., Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Dynamic conductivity of
graphene-contained shungite in microwave region. Book of papers of XXV International
conference «Electromagnetic field and materials». Moscow, NIU MEI Publ.,
2017. P.135 (In Russian)
27. Antonets
I.V., Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Dynamic conductivity of
graphene-contained shungite in microwave region. Journ. Tech. Phys. Letters.
2018. Vol.44. No.9. P.12.
28. Golubev
E.A., Antonets I.V., Shcheglov V.I. Static and dynamic conductivity of
nanostructured carbonaceous shungite geomaterials. Materials Chemistry and
Physics. 2019. Vol. 226. No.3. P.195.
29. Antonets
I.V., Kotov L.N., Kalinin Yu.E., Sitnikov A.V., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I.
Dynamic conductivity of amorphous nanogranular films in the microwave frequency
range. Technical Physics Letters. 2014. Vol.40. No.7. P.584.
30. Antonets
I.V., Kotov L.N., Kirpicheva O.A., Golubev E.A., Kalinin Yu.E., Sitnikov A.V.,
Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Static and dynamic conductivity of amorphous
nanogranulated composites «metal-dielectric». Journal of Communications
Technology and Electronics. 2015. Vol.60. No.8. P.755.
31. Vlasov
V.S., Kotov L.N., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Specific features of static and
dynamic conduction of a composite film containing metal nanogranules in a
dielectric matrix. Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics.
2014. Vol.59. No.9. P.920.
32. Antonets
I.V., Vlasov V.S., Kotov L.N., Kirpicheva O.A., Golubev E.A., Kalinin Yu.E.,
Sitnikov A.V., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Static and dynamic conductivity of
nanogranulated films «metal-dielectric». Zhurnal Radioelectroniki – Journal
of Radio Electronics. 2016. No.5. Available at:
http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/may16/10/text.pdf
(In Russian).
33. Antonets
I.V., Kotov L.N., Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. Dynamic
conductivity of nanogranulated films «metal-dielectric» on the microwave frequencies.
Zhurnal Radioelectroniki – Journal of Radio Electronics. 2018. No.5.
Available at:
http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/may18/7/text.pdf (In Russian).
34. Antonets I.V., Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G.,
Shcheglov V.I. Influence of shungite structure parameters on its
electro-conductivity properties. Zhurnal Radioelectroniki – Journal of
Radio Electronics. 2017. No.5. Available at:http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/may17/11/text.pdf (In Russian)
35. Antonets I.V., Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G.,
Shcheglov V.I. The model presentation of microstructure, conductivity and
microwave properties of graphene-containing shungite. Zhurnal
Radioelectroniki – Journal of Radio Electronics. 2017. No.9. Available
at: http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/sep17/8/text.pdf (In Russian)
36. Antonets
I.V., Golubev E.A., Shavrov V.G., Shcheglov V.I. The model presentation of
microstructure of shungite in connection with its conductivity properties. Book
of papers XXV International conference «Electromagnetic field and materials».
Moscow, NIU MEI Publ., 2017. P.148 (In Russian)
37.
Joseph I. Goldstein,
Harvey Yakowitz (editors).