Abstract. This paper is the second
part of materials in which authors investigate the structure and electrical
properties of graphene-contained shungite. These investigations are carried
with the aim to know the possibility of shungite employment for the creating of
planar structure intended electromagnetic radiation. These investigations are
carried on the basis of conductivity maps obtained by electro-force
spectroscopy method. In the introduction it is described the brief review of
first part of this work and mentioned its results. It is described the basic
properties of investigated specimens and also described the discretization of
conductivity maps which allows by received binomial cards to found the
structure parameters of specimens. It is described the scheme of receiving the
carbon concentration on the basis of calculation white and black checks on the
fields which are obtained from discretizated conductivity maps. It is established
that the principal object of this work is the investigation of chains formed by
white and black checks on binomial field of conductivity and also the
connection of chains parameters with the founded in previous part of this work
carbon concentration. It is described the scheme of white and black chain
obtaining which characterized the map region length which corresponds to both
phases. It is established that chains form white checks correspond to
conducting carbon and chains from black checks correspond to nonconducting
quarts. It is investigated different possibilities of scanning of binomial
fields of conductive maps. It is found that scanning results may be depended of
the scanning manner which is connected with variations of chain length in condition
of insufficiency of scanning line length. In this case the principal meaning
has the scanning along the horizontal and along the vertical lines of
discretization field which is connecting with extent character of constant
phase regions on the conductivity maps of shungite. On the basis of different
versions of scanning it is established the optimal the successive scanning
along the horizontal lines of conductivity map with following scanning along
the vertical columns and middling of accepted results by both measuring. It is
described the procedure of chains parameters founding by the results of
scanning which is consisted of adding chain quantity established length along
the all fields square. It is found the quantity of established length white and
black chains along all investigated specimens. It is found the large data
scattering in the specimens having the same carbon concentration. For the rise
of objectivity in carrying measuring it is made the grouping of specimens by
carbon concentration as a result it was formed nine groups corresponding to
carbon concentration from 5 to 97 percents. It is investigated the distribution
of chains quantity in connection with the carbon concentration. It is shown
that the maximum quantity of chains is founded on middle concentration about
50% and in both sides from this number in the ends of concentration range the
quantity of chains try to attain zero. It is found the dependence of white and
black chain quantity from carbon concentration. It is found the approximation
of experimental data by quadratic polynomial in less square method. It is shown
that both dependencies in accuracy about several percents may be described by
the same quadratic polynomial having maximum by the concentration 50% and equal
to zero on the ends of concentration region as 0% and 100%. For this polynomial
it is found the very simple analytical expression which describes the
experimental data in the accuracy about several percents. For each value of
given concentration it is established the parameter discretization of structure
normalized to unit on maximum value of accepted polynomial. It is found the
analytical expression which give possibility from merit in experiment value of
discretization found the corresponding value of concentration. In the quality
of measure of carbon concentration distribution it is established the single
square parameter having the side equal to square root from area of region which
length is equal to length of chain middles along the whole field by
concentration is equal to 50%. It is shown that for investigated samples having
concentration near 50% this parameter is equal about 2,5 mcm (exactly – 2,4776
mcm). It is established that the sine of single square may be established as a
measure of distance between white and black regions on the initial conductivity
map. In the case of obvious example it is made the assignation of single square
on initial conductivity map for three specimens having concentration near the
50% (47% and 53%). It is demonstrated that this assignation approximately
correspond to filling of intervals between the black regions by squares by
white color. It is estimated very large subjectivity of this assignation and
established that the alternative of its is the application of binomial
discretization of initial conductivity maps which is the basis in this
investigation. On the basis of received in experiments dependencies of white
and black chains from carbon concentration it is found the scattering of
single square dimension. It is shown that the meddling by less square method
this scattering is about 15% (exactly – 14,84%). For the characterization of
carbon distribution along the specimen volume it is established the parameter
of fractional which by concentration 50% is equal to quantity of single cubes
in volume unit (which is equal to 1 cube cm). The fractional parameter is
generalized to the whole interval of concentrations by presented as a quadratic
polynomial having maximum on the value by concentration 50% and values on the
ends of concentration region are equal to zero. It is investigated the
correlation between parameters discretization and fractional. It is established
that distinction between its is in so that the discretization characterizes the
degree of specimen disunity in regions of this or other phases and parameter
fractional describe the quantity regions of this or other phases in unit of
value. It is established that in the general case this parameters are not fully
independent from each other but are connected by the single cube each phase
dimension. By way of generalization of made investigation it is mentioned and
brief characterized basal parameters which describe the spatial distribution of
carbon in shungite so as carbon concentration, discretization of structure,
single element dimension and fractional of structure. For the concentration of
50% on the basis of single element it is established the geometrically correct
structure of alternation of regions both phases which is suitable to
topological analysis. It is established the correspondence of this structure
with before proposed shungite models so as «cubes with percolation» and «sand
with liquid». It is shown that proposed structure is correspond to model «cubes
with percolation» in the percolation moment but for the correspondence with
model «sand with liquid» the dimensions of nonconducted phase cubes may be
slightly decreased so as to release the gaps for the filling its by conducting
phase. By way of structure nature of shungite is it proposed the supposition
about possibility its structure forming by the process of coagulation which may
be realized during geological history of shungite. It is established the
analogy between the shungite structure character by different carbon
concentration and magnetic domain structure behaviour by constant field magnetization.
It is shown that the concentration of 50% correspond to demagnetized state of
magnetic and changing of concentration to so or other sides correspond to magnetization
of magnetic by the field different orientation. It is made the supposition
about large increasing of screen ability of shungite in microwave region about
60 THz. As a possible reason of this large increasing of absorption it is
supposed the resonance character interaction of incident electromagnetic wave
with conducted dipoles formed by single regions of conducting phase. As a most
important condition for continuation and further development of these works by
investigations and application structure properties of shungite it is
established the necessity of realization new geological expeditions with the
purpose of obtaining large quantity specimens from different natural deposits.
Key words: carbon, shungite, electro-conductivity.
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