UDC 537.872.32

Electromagnetic waves attenuation in the low ionosphere in wide frequency range from 1 kHz to 10 MHz

A. V. Moshkov, V. N. Pozhidaev

Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences,

Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow 125009, Russia

 

The paper is received on July 31 , 2019

 

Abstract. Modern ionosphere heating facilities use power short wave (SW) ground-based transmitters with low frequency (LF) modulation for creation a virtual LF antenna in D and E layers of the ionosphere. A frequency of the SW transmitter must guarantee the maximum absorption capacity of modulated waves for a given parameters of the lower ionosphere. This heating absorption leads to plasma conductivity and auroral electrojet current LF modulation. Thus, the disturbed region of the lower ionosphere becomes the LF demodulator. We propose a relatively simple combined method of numerical calculation of wave reflection and absorption coefficients in a wide range of LF-SW frequencies, which are commonly used in ionosphere heating experiments. For SW frequencies, we use classical magneto-ionic approach and calculate height “profiles” of real and imagery parts of the wave refractive index for the ionosphere condition given. For LF frequencies, we use full wave approach when the ionosphere parameters are notably changed on one wavelength. All illustrative calculations are made for the HAARP station conditions. It is shown that for a daytime there are two distinct frequency bands with relatively high wave power attenuation near gyro-resonance and up hybrid resonance frequencies. In nighttime this bands consolidate to one wide frequency band. Full wave calculations show that in nighttime there is remarkable minimum of reflection and absorption coefficients near 2 kHz frequency. This frequency is slightly lower than cut-of frequency of the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. Hence, this frequency is very well for modulation frequency in case of upward radiation.

Key words: lower ionosphere, reflection and absorption coefficients, plasma resonances, heating facilities.

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For citation:

A.V. Moshkov, V. N. Pozhidaev. Electromagnetic waves attenuation in the low ionosphere in wide frequency range from 1 kHz to 10 MHz. Zhurnal Radioelektroniki - Journal of Radio Electronics. 2019. No. 8. Available at http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/aug19/3/text.pdf

DOI  10.30898/1684-1719.2019.8.3