UDC 621.3.09

Experimental research of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves communication in earth core and waveguide “Earth-ionosphere” made by Fryazino Branch of the Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences

 

A. M. Ryazantsev

Fryazinio Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vvedensky Sq.1, Fryazino Moscow region 141190, Russia 

 

The paper is received on November 24, 2017

 

Abstract. Brief revue of results of experimental research of propagation of extremely low frequency (ELF) waves in Earth core and waveguide Earth-ionosphere made by Fryazino branch of the Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Science (IRE RAS) is presented. The article consists of three parts: list of theoretical and technical problems for research and development of ELF systems, results of experimental research of propagation of electromagnetic waves in Earth core, results of measurements ELF signals in waveguide Earth-ionosphere. Experimental researches of propagation of ELF electromagnetic waves in Earth core were conducted in four regions of Soviet Union: on the Baltic crystalline shield (Murmansk region and Leningrad region), Ukrainian crystalline shield (Zhitomir region), the Voronezh crystalline massive (Voronezh region). Parameters of experimental sites: thickness of sediment layer – about 200 meters, number parts for research – 11, distances between transmitting antenna and receiving antenna – 5-35 km, depth of boreholes – 600 -1000 m, borehole antennas – isolated wire with grounding, power of transmitter – 10-10 000 W, integral receiving signals time – 0,1 -120 s. As a result of measurements attenuation of electromagnetic waves in Earth core and electrical conductivity of crystalline rocks were defined.

Measurements of ELF signals transmitted by experimental transmitter system were conducted in four regions of Soviet Union: on the east coast of Baikal lake, on the east coast of Caspian Sea,  Near Nakhodka port,  on the south coast of Sakhalin island.

Parameters of measurement conditions:  integral receiving signals time – 120 s, type of receiving antennas – magnetic and grounded wire, objects of measuring: signal of ELF transmitter, electrical and magnetic fields of atmospheric noise. ELF signals were received in 1th and 4th region only, in 2th and 3th regions atmospheric noises were higher than signal. Results of measuring obtained by IRE RAS in 1978-1979 is compared with results of measuring by Stanford University (USA) made in 1990 year.

Key words. Earth’s crust, waveguide Earth-ionosphere, electromagnetic waves extremely low frequency (ELF).

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For citation:
A. M. Ryazantsev. Experimental research of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves communication in earth core and waveguide “Earth-ionosphere” made by Fryazino Branch of the Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences. Zhurnal Radioelektroniki - Journal of Radio Electronics. 2017. No. 12. Available at http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/dec17/13/text.pdf.