Abstract. In this article, the
basic factors for creation of the radiophysical microwave observatory in Central
Asia thanks to the ISTC projects are set forth. First steps mainly grounded on
works of Russian scientists who by that time had already obtained enough
experience in researches of the ozonosphere using radiometric methods. They created
a series of multi-channel spectroradiometers of a millimeter waveband and developed
measuring methods of atmosphere thermal radiation in lines Î3. The methods of determination of
completed ozone content and its vertical profile on data of radio observations were
tested. This allowed to conduct observations of atmospheric
ozone in earlier not studied on a millimeter waveband geographical region at a height of 1600 m above sea level, 430 north latitude, 770 east
longitude. The
content of ozone in stratosphere was determined by the method of passive microwave probing
on the basis of measurement of spectrum of atmospheric ozone molecules selective
thermal radiation near one of the lines of rotational spectrum of this gas. Only some observation
results of the ozone lines at the wavelengths of 2.7 mm are presented in
the article which allow determination of the ozone content and concentration in the Earth’s
stratosphere. The results show that at altitude 20 to 30 kilometers the ozone
content
is twice as much as it is at altitudes higher than 30 km. According to
observation data of the world net of ground stations over region of the
observatory mesurements, a general ozone content is around 290-310 Dobson Units, that is,
within altitudes 20-60 km the ozone content makes 70-75% from its total
content. It is known that in lower widths a general maximum of the
ozone layer is higher than in upper ones. In our case the most
saturated with ozone layer is at heights interval 22 to 35 km, that is proved by
many-year observations. Depending on assigned tasks, it is possible
to establish by longer observations a diurnal and seasonal variations of
ozone.
Key words: concentration of ozone, millimeter
waves, shutter.
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