Abstract.
Increasing of the efficiency of creating
equipment for promising and modernized models of meteorological Doppler radar
systems (MDRS) requires extensive involvement of modeling methods in field
experiments in order to obtain results from a minimum amount of experimental
data in a limited time. Therefore, a mathematical model of the radar channel
for measuring the velocity vector has been developed within the digital-natural
method for estimating the characteristics of the MDRS. It includes: a
meteorological formation model; a model of signals at the filter outputs of the
sum and difference directional pattern of antenna system; an angular
measurement model. Using the simulation method, the characteristics of the
radar channel for measuring the velocity of meteorological formation have been
studied and the accuracy of determining the Doppler velocities of dangerous
meteorological phenomena has been estimated. It is shown that the main
influence on the magnitude of errors in measuring the velocity vector of
meteorological formation in the channel under consideration is rendered by
noise components: internal noises of the receiving device and random (chaotic)
motion of particles forming a reflecting cloud. To ensure the required accuracy
of the measurements, it is necessary to use an adaptive servo system that
unfolds the zeroth planes of the beam until the difference in signal intensity
in the horizontal and vertical channels becomes maximum. In this case,
measurement in a channel with large amplitude of the signal gives the magnitude
of the velocity vector, and the angle of rotation of the beam will determine
the direction of motion of meteorological phenomena in the picture plane. An
estimate of the radial velocity component is performed by the radar channel
with high accuracy even for small values of the signal-to-noise ratio and with
a relatively high intensity of the chaotic component of the meteorological
movement.
Keywords:
near-airfield Doppler radar; wind shear; 3D radar images; radial velocity;
width of the radial velocity spectrum; simulation model.
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