"JOURNAL OF RADIO ELECTRONICS" (Zhurnal Radioelektroniki)  ISSN 1684-1719, N 11, 2016

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THE INFLUENCE OF GOLD NANORODS ON THE ACTIVATION OF LIPOSOMAL CAPSULES BY MEANS OF ULTRASHORT ELECTRICAL PULSES

 

Yu. V. Gulyaev 1, V. A. Cherepenin 1, I. V. Taranov 1, V. A. Vdovin 1, V. V. Faykin 1, V. I. Tyukavin 1,
A. V. Sybachin 1, 2, A. A. Yaroslavov 1, 2, V. P. Kim 1, 3, K. V. Potapenkov 1, 3, V. P. Kim 1, 3, G. B. Khomutov 1, 3

 1 Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, Moscow

2 – Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow

3 – Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow

 

The paper is received on October 25, 2016

 

Abstract. This work is devoted to solving the problem of selectivity of electromagnetic activation of drug carriers. Ultrashort electrical pulses of high voltage were used as a remote stimulating effect. A special class of stimulus-sensitive drug carriers was used representing nanocomposite liposomal membraneous capsules containing significantly anisotropic particles - gold nanorods – bound to the membrane surface. Nanocomposite liposomal capsules were based on the unilamellar liposomes synthesized by standard ultrasonic method using amphiphilic compounds phosphatidylcholine (80%) and stearoylspermine (20%). Gold nanorods with typical diameter 10 nm and 100 nm length were used. as an essentially anisotropic conductive nanoparticles. The duration of an electrical pulse used was about 10 ns. In this case, the electric field strength near the liposome capsules was about 10 kV/cm. The effect of decapsulation of nanocomposite liposomal capsules containing significantly anisotropic gold nanorods bound to the liposomal membrane caused by ultrashort electrical pulses was observed. The effect was registered using conductometric method due to the changes of the conductivity of an aqueous suspension of liposomal capsules which increased due to the NaCl salt release from the internal volume of the capsule. This effect of decapsulation was confirmed independently by transmission electron microscopy technique. The mechanism of destruction of the nanocomposite liposomal membrane was proposed based on the gold nanorods rotational displacement caused by the effect of the external electric pulse. On the basis of this mechanism the theoretical expression for the critical value of the pulse electric field which determines the threshold of the decapsulation effect was found. The numerical value of the found critical field value was in agreement with obtained experimental data. It was experimentally shown that the observed decapsulation effect was due to the presence of gold nanorods bound with liposomal capsules, and decapsulation was not observed in the absence of nanorods.

Keywords: capsules, liposomes, structure, nanoparticles, gold nanorods, polyelectrolytes, pulse of electric field.

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