Holographic Subsurface Radar: Technology and Application 

Sergey I. Ivashov¹, Vladimir V. Razevig¹, Igor A. Vasiliev¹, Andrey V. Zhuravlev¹
 Timothy D. Bechtel², Lorenzo Capineri³,

¹Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Russia
²Franklin & Marshall College, PA, USA,
³the University of Florence, Italy

Received October 28, 2010 

Abstract. Holographic subsurface radars (HSR) are not in common usage now; possibly because of the historical view amongst radar practitioners that high attenuation of electromagnetic waves in most media of interest will not allow sufficient depth of penetration. It is true that the fundamental physics of HSR prevent the possibility to change receiver amplification with time (i.e. depth) to adapt to lossy media (as is possible with impulse subsurface radar or ISR). However, use of HSR for surveying of shallow subsurface objects, defects, or inhomogeneities is an increasingly proven area of application. In this case, HSR can record images with higher resolution than is possible for ISR images. The RASCAN family of holographic radars is presented along with technical specifications and typical case histories. Among the applications considered are civil and historic building surveys, non-destructive testing of dielectric materials, security applications, and humanitarian demining. Each application area is illustrated by relevant data acquired in laboratory experiments or field tests. This paper presents experiments with RASCAN imaging in media with different degrees of attenuation, and illustrates the principle of HSR through an optical analogy.

 Keywords: holographic subsurface radar, humanitarian demining, impulse subsurface radar, lossy medium, non-destructive testing, optical analogy, security applications.