Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS Русский Sign in Submit a paper
Journal of Radio Electronics Online scientific journal · eISSN 1684-1719
2012, № 7 · PHYSICAL PROBLEMS OF ELECTRONICS

Детектор модулированного терагерцового излучения на основе графеновых нанолент

I.V. Stebunov1, V.G. Leiman1, A.V. Arsenin1, V.L. Semenenko1, V.I. Ryzhii2

1 Московский физико-технический институт (государственный университет)
2 Университет Тохоку, Сендай, Япония, Japan
Full text (PDF) UDC 537.874 EDN PIUUQP

Abstract

We proposed a novel scheme of the detector of terahertz radiation modulated by megahertz or gigahertz signals. Detector model is based on the nanomechanical resonator with the sufficiently narrow graphene nanoribbon as a mechanically moving part. Motion of a nanoribbon is supported by the electromagnetic ponderomotive force appearing due to the plasmon resonance exited in the system. Using developed model we obtained that the proposed demodulator has a number of advantages such as higher output signal and higher modulation frequency of incoming radiation in comparison with the previously proposed demodulators of terahertz radiation.

  • Graphene nanoribbon
  • carbon nanotube
  • terahertz radiation
  • Plasmon resonator
  • demodulator
  • detector
Аннотация (на русском)

Детектор модулированного терагерцового излучения на основе графеновых нанолент

Предложена новая схема детектора модулированного терагерцевого излучения с рекордно высокой частотой модуляции (вплоть до нескольких ГГц). Детектор базируется на наномеханическом резонаторе, в котором в качестве подвижного элемента используется достаточно узкая графеновая нанолента. Движение графеновой наноленты обусловлено действием пондеромоторной силы, возникающей вследствие возбуждения в системе плазмонного резонанса. Предлагаемый детектор обладает рядом преимуществ по сравнению с ранее предложенными устройствами такого типа, например, более высокой чувствительностью и возможностью перестройки частоты модуляции в широком диапазоне.

For citation

Stebunov I.V., Leiman V.G., Arsenin A.V., Semenenko V.L., Ryzhii V.I. Детектор модулированного терагерцового излучения на основе графеновых нанолент // Journal of Radio Electronics. – 2012. – No. 7.

References

  1. P.H. Siegel, Terahertz Technology, IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 50, pp. 910-927, March 2002.
  2. M. Tonouchi, Cutting-edge terahertz technology, Nat. Photonics, vol. 1, pp. 97-105, February 2007.
  3. J. Federici and L. Moeller, Review of terahertz and subterahertz wireless communications, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 107, 111101, 2010.
  4. V. Ryzhii, M. Ryzhii, Y. Hu, I. Hagiwara, and M.S. Shur, Resonant detection of modulated terahertz radiation in micromachined high-electron-mobility transistor, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 90, 203503, May 2007.
  5. Y. Hu, M. Ryzhii, I. Hagiwara, M.S. Shur and V. Ryzhii, Combined resonance and resonant detection of modulated terahertz radiation in a micromachined high-electron mobility transistor, Phys. Stat. Sol. C., vol. 5, pp. 277-281, 2008.
  6. V.G. Leiman, M. Ryzhii, A. Satou, N. Ryabova, V. Ryzhii, T. Otsuji, and M.S. Shur, Analysis of resonant detection of terahertz radiation in high-electron mobility transistor with a nanostring/carbon nanotube as the mechanically floating gate, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 104, 024514, 2008.
  7. A.V. Arsenin, A.D. Gladun, V.G. Leiman, V.L. Semenenko and V.I. Ryzhii, Parametric instability in a nanoelectromechanical detector of modulated terahertz radiation on the basis of a high electron mobility transistor with a mobile elastic gate, J. Commun. Technol. Electron., vol. 54, pp. 1322-1330, 2009.
  8. A.V. Arsenin, A.D. Gladun, V.G. Leiman, V.L. Semenenko and V.I. Ryzhii, Plasma oscillations of the two-dimensional electron gas in the field-effect transistor with a cylindrical gate electrode, J. Commun. Technol. Electron., vol. 55, pp. 1285-1294, 2010.
  9. Yu. Stebunov, V. Leiman, A. Arsenin, A. Gladun, V. Semenenko, V. Ryzhii, Detection of Modulated Terahertz Radiation Using Combined Plasma and Mechanical Resonances in Double-Carbon-Nanotube Device, Appl. Phys. Express, vol. 4, 075101, 2011.
  10. H.C. Nathanson, W.E. Newell, R.A. Wickstrom, J.R. Davis, The resonant gate transistor, IEEE trans. on Electron Devices, vol. 14, pp. 117-133, March 1967.
  11. L. Ju, B. Geng, J. Horng, C. Girit, M. Martin, Z. Hao, H.A. Bechtel, X. Liang, A. Zettl, Y.R. Shen, F. Wang, Graphene plasmonics for tunable terahertz metamaterials, Nat. Nanotechnology, vol. 6, pp. 630-634, 2011.
  12. X. Wang, Y. Ouyang, L. Jiao, H. Wang, L. Xie, J Wu, J. Guo, H Dai, Graphene nanoribbons with smooth edges behave as quantum wires, Nat. Nanotechnology, vol. 6, pp. 563-567, 2011.
  13. T. Giamarchi, Quantum Physics in One Dimension. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
  14. P.J. Burke, Luttinger Liquid Theory as a Model of the GHz Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes, IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, vol. 1, pp. 129-144, 2002.
  15. C. Rutherglen, P.J. Burke, Nano-Electromagnetics: Circuit and Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes, Small, vol. 5, pp. 884-906, 2009.
  16. K. Eom, H.S. Park, D.S. Yoon, T. Kwon, Nanomechanical resonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection: Nanomechanics principles, Phys. Rep., vol. 503, pp. 115-163, 2011.
  17. J.S. Bunch, A.M. van der Zande, S.S. Verbridge, I.W. Frank, D.M. Tanenbaum, J.M. Parpia, H.G. Craighead and P.L. McEuen, Electromechanical Resonators from Graphene Sheets, Science, vol. 26, pp. 490-493, January 2007.
  18. D. Garcia-Sanchez, A.M. van der Zande, A. San Paulo, B. Lassagne, P.L. McEuen, and A. Bachtold, Imaging Mechanical Vibrations in Suspended Graphene Sheets, Nano Lett., vol. 8, pp. 1399-1403, 2008.
  19. J.T. Robinson, M. Zalalutdinov, J.W. Baldwin, E.S. Snow, Z. Wei, P. Sheehan, and B.H. Houston, Wafer-scale Reduced Graphene Oxide Films for Nanomechanical Devices, Nano Lett., vol. 8, pp. 3441-3445, 2008
  20. Y. Xu, C. Chen, V.V. Deshpande, F.A. DiRenno, A. Gondarenko, D.B. Heinz, S. Liu, P. Kim, and J. Hone, Radio frequency electrical transduction of graphene mechanical resonators, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 97, 243111, 2010.
  21. B.D. Urso, M.V. Gurudev Dutt, S. Dhingra, and N.M. Nusran, Quantum measurements between a single spin and a torsional nanomechanical resonator, New J. of Phys., vol. 13, 045002, 2011.
  22. S. Kitipornchai, X.Q. He, and K.M. Liew, Continuum model for the vibration of multilayered graphene sheets, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 72, 075443, 2005.
  23. A. Sakhaee-Pour, M.T. Ahmadian, and R Naghdabadi, Vibrational analysis of single-layered graphene sheets, Nanotech., vol. 19, 085702, 2008.
  24. S.Y. Kim and H.S. Park, The Importance of Edge Effects on the Intrinsic Loss Mechanisms of Graphene Nanoresonators, Nano Lett., vol. 9, pp. 969-974, 2009.
  25. R. Chowdhury, S. Adhikari, F. Scarpa, and M.I. Friswell, Transverse vibration of single-layer graphene sheets, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 44, 205401, 2011.
  26. R. E. Collin: Foundations for Microwave Engineering, Wiley, New York, 2nd ed, 2000.
  27. C. Lee, X. Wei, J.W. Kysar, J. Hone, Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene, Science, vol. 321, pp. 385-388, 2008.
  28. L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Theory of Elasticity, Pergamon, New York, 1986.